Implementation And Integrated Accounting System Ensuring...

†¢ Implement and integrated accounting system ensuring integrity of the data. Account experts at numerous organizations have a tendency to not give a ton of thought to sharing the information that they re taking a shot at throughout the day. The information that your associates in fund take a shot at is maybe the most basic information to all that really matters of your organization. What numerous people don t understand is that fund information can be massively useful to different individuals from your organization, if partook valuably. Fund experts are in charge of adjusting your books, paying expenses and perceiving income. Their information must be immaculate, there is no other choice. They take in deals arranges that originate from your business group, and see when solicitations get paid and accounts get to be expected. They have the information that figures out if some lead or contact that has experienced your promoting and deals groups is really indeed, a client. As to coordinating Finance frameworks like QuickBooks, Fresh books or Recircle, these frameworks accompany a joining to your bank constructed right in. This coordination is clearly basic to permit clients to oversee bank information (otherwise known as dollar greenbacks). Other money framework coordination use cases incorporate CRM mix and bolster mix, which can be exceptionally useful to numerous colleagues, including these illustrations: 1. Deals Reps: Finance information can tell deals reps whenShow MoreRelatedSystem Integrity and Validation1049 Words   |  5 Pagesin San Diego, California is a specialty food store that is continuing to grow. Due to the company’s growth, it is necessary for Kudler to make a better use of technology for all aspects of the business. Currently Kudler process a large amount of data through computer programs which is used between all three locations, but with upcoming expansions, Kudler needs the ability to track all of that information and also be confident that the information is reliable. With that being said, Kudler wouldRead MoreData Into The Computerized System1683 Words   |  7 PagesName: Thi Ngoc Anh Nguyen Student ID: S71565 Set up and operate a computerized system FNSACC406 Assessment 3 Describe the steps to be taken prior to inputting the data into the computerized system and how you would go about implementing the new system. †¢ The steps to be taken prior to inputting the data into the computerized system: - The first step: you will need to set up your company in your accounting software system. Look for company tab. Then, you fill in your company name, your company addressRead MoreSummary Of Company And Need729 Words   |  3 Pagesauthorized to serve 6,000 students annually. 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These examples of applications to include: clinical decision-making, reduction of emergency room congestionRead Mor eKUDLER FINE FOODS3299 Words   |  14 Pagesï » ¿ Kudler Fine Foods Security Report and System Review Kudler Fine Foods Security Report and System Review Introduction Kudler Fine Foods is in the process of developing a customer loyalty program, and a related system to give rewards to their customers. We have been given the task of assisting the development team in creating mechanisms that facilitate information security This paper serves to direct the development team along a pathway of security, with the intent to share information

Essay On Rv Rental - 920 Words

If youre in or near Houston, you wont have any trouble finding great RV rentals for excellent prices. Houston RV Center has a wide selection of all sorts of RVs for rent, and can even sell you a new or pre-owned RV if thats what youd prefer. No matter what your vacation needs, the Houston RV Center will be able to help you. Types Of RVs For Rent If youre a first-time RV renter, you may be confused by the variety of RV rentals Houston has to offer. Heres a quick guide to our RVs: Motorized RVs are those that combine a vehicle chassis but have a home built onto the chassis. These tend to be the nicest motorhomes, with plenty of room and amenities for their owners or renters. Class A Motorhomes are the nicest, literally homes on†¦show more content†¦Folding camp trailers are the smallest, lightest, and cheapest, and can be towed behind even a reasonably powerful car with the right tow hitch. Most have separate electrical systems, refrigerators, stoves, sinks (with water supply), and a few other amenities, and the roof folds out into a tent-like enclosure. Standard travel trailers hook to the back of vehicles with a load-distributing tow hitch, and range in size from 10 to 35 or more feet. These trailers offer as many amenities as they have room for, from kitchens and bathrooms to comfortable beds and other furnishings. Fifth-wheel trailers are similar to large travel trailers, but use a special tow hitch that distributes the weight more evenly; the fifth wheel hitch must be in the bed of a pickup truck. Expect these trailers to be much more comfortable and roomy, with slide-outs and amenities that standard travel trailers arent able to support. Rental Price Ranges At Houston RV Center you will find RV Rentals in Houston with variety ranging from pop-up campers to full-size RVs. All RVs and trailers are rented for three day minimums, with prices that range from $300 for short-term 3-day pop-up trailer rental to a little over $2000 for a long-term 14-day Class C RV rental. Compare our check-in/check-out times to renting a room at a hotel. Youll find we also offer great customer service, with staff ready and willing to test-drive with you so youShow MoreRelatedMy Best Friend Tiffany Sat Across From Me And The Trendy Local Coffee Shop975 Words   |  4 Pagescreative career, not one behind a desk. As I realized that she was not being sarcastic, I asked her why she wanted to major in something she has no interest in. She told me that it could get her a stable job with a steady income. I know that college essays are supposed to give you a view into who I am, but I believe this look into a piece of my friend’s life is important. It represents what I never hope to do- give up who I was born to be in place of security. College especially is a time to find outRead MoreOil Boom in North Dakota5022 Words   |  21 Pageswell because of the boom. But all that new money and all those new people have brought problems, too, much like those Alberta suffered when oil sands fever was at its peak. Builders around Williston can t keep up with the need for new housing. The rental market in the entire area is out of control. In Estevan, Sask., just over the border, you can t find a one-bedroom apartment for less than $1,200 a month, says Mayor Gary St. Onge, a price that would have been unheard of even three years ago. ToRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages4—Organization Chart Presented as a Circle nits bu Su Acq ng uis ogi itio tal a n chnical Se C – Te rvic ad He es Personnel Sub un its rv Se Staff Se cal hni c Head – Tec Se b Ma inten Su sing ance Purcha CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR un its B ud g et nsio Exte hes Branc o Bo k Subu nits m ob ile ur rv ice s ity ic rv Se n es s d Hea u –P bl ic S ice c bli Pu s D ep a rtments and Subunits lati o erv Re ices Main Building Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesreview two approaches to developing value typologies. Values 145 7 Compare generational differences in values and identify the dominant values in today’s workforce. Rokeach Value Survey Milton Rokeach created the Rokeach Value Survey (RVS).65 It consists of two sets of values, each containing 18 individual value items. One set, called terminal values, refers to desirable end-states. These are the goals a person would like to achieve during his or her lifetime. The other set, called instrumental

Merchant of Venice, Act 1 scene 3, Act 2 scene 5 Essay Example For Students

Merchant of Venice, Act 1 scene 3, Act 2 scene 5 Essay Act 1 scene 3, introduces Shylock for the first time in The Merchant of Venice as the plays villainous Jew. Shylock is an arresting presence and although Antonio may be the character for whom the novel is named, it is Shylock who has come to dominate our focus. The first line we hear depicts a money hungry Jew: Three thousand ducats, well. As the play progresses we learn that there seems to be two dimensions to this central character. At the beginning of the scene, he and Bassanio talk about a deal. Bassanio would like to borrow money on behalf of a friend, however even though Shylock wont say no, he tantalizes Bassanio in a pretentious act, appearing as if he is actually pondering over the proposed deal. He uses words such as well to show this. This act reinforces the strong anti Semitic views in the Elizabethan era of sly money driven Jews. When Antonio arrives, Shylock, in an aside confesses his dislike for him and reveals the motive behind this passionate hatred saying: I have hate for him for he is a Christian. This is an explicit statement but he then goes further and says he hates him even more as he lend out money gratis and brings down the rate of useance with us here in Venice. Shylocks intends wholeheartedly to use this opportunity to ruin Antonio, saying If I can catch him once upon the hip. This cunning is also typical of the view of Jewish people in the 16th century and that they would use any opportunity to ruin a Christian. As he calculates the interest on Bassanios loan, Shylock remembers the many times that Antonio has called him a misbeliever, cut throat dog/ and spit upon his Jewish gaberdine. Antonio responds that he is likely to do so again, and insists that Shylock lend him the money as an enemy, such an arrangement, Antonio claims will make it easier for Shylock to exact a penalty if the loan is not repaid. Shylock questions the supposed immorality of charging interest on this loan and suggests it is no different from a farmer increasing the stock of sheep by their breeding as he quotes Jacob did in the old testament. Antonio says that The devil can cite scripture for his own purpose. In the play, Shylock is sometime referred to as the devil, which is how Jews were thought of. When Shylock tells us of how he has been called all these names we feel an emotion of sympathy for him. It is interesting to notice how Shakespeares portrayal of Shylock fluctuates between the stereotypical villainous Jew and a human person. This fluctuation encourages us to think that perhaps Shakespeare is trying to move away from the stereotypes of the people in era show us that Jews can be like normal people. When Shylock agrees to the terms he states that if he is not given his money he wants an equal pound of fair flesh. This said half jokingly and seems too extreme to be true, nevertheless, we know he is in fact not joking and he means exactly what he says because the hint we are given earlier about him wanting to catch Antonio upon the hip. Act 2 scene 5 opens with Shylock talking of his generosity towards Lancelot. He tells Jessica of his engagement to dine with Bassanio even though he doesnt really want to. It is here we see the trust that Shylock apparently has for his daughter, it is almost as if he is trying to show his confidence in her saying: Jessica, my girl, look to my house. .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2 , .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2 .postImageUrl , .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2 , .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2:hover , .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2:visited , .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2:active { border:0!important; } .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2:active , .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2 .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2c28f43ca7c17b29c0669100db0e24b2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Malvolio's Identity In the play Twelfth Night, William Shakespeare EssayLancelot tells Shylock of his expected reproach this is a mistake, however Shylock is quick to notice this and gives a short sharp reply so do I his. Shylocks next little speech talks about Jessicas duty to ensure that shallow foppery does not enter his sober house. Shylock stands apart from the Christians in their foolish ways and tries to stick to his religious conventions, he believes that Christians indulge to much in worldly pleasures and as far as he is concerned he will not fall into the same trap. Lancelot comes back at Shylocks words to Jessica (in an aside) mistress look out at a window for all this. There will come a Christian by will be worth a jewes eye. Shylock hears this and immediately wants Lancelot to repeat what he has just said, but, Jessica in an effort to stop any bickering replies, His words were farewell, mistress, nothing else. Indeed, Shylock understands the Christians and their culture much better than they understand him. The closing of this scene is a testimony by Shylock of his relief that Lancelot has gone because he sleeps by day more than the wild cat, and is basically lazy. The last lines mirror the ending of the relationship between Shylock and Jessica said conventionally in rhyming couplets to add closure. This part of the play causes us to reconsider our feeling towards Shylock as he has lost his daughter. It is arguable that Shylock receives far less of a stark portrayal than was common in Shakespeares time and that given the constant degradation he endures, we can feel sorry for him.

Architecture and System Integration

Question: Discussn about the Architecture and System Integration. Answer: Introduction The report has been made on the topic of architecture and system integration. The use of architecture and system integration would assist the operations of the organization. The case study selected for understanding the integration of the architecture and system is RetailCo. The existing system of RetailCo was outdated and slow. It created a hindrance for the development of new opportunities and globalization. The use of better technological equipments and techniques would provide the organization with scope for development and improvement. The following repot consists of five sections and each section has provided a unique diagram for the proposed system of RetailCo. The analysis has been done for being able to make the system context diagram, architecture overview diagram, logical architecture view diagram, component relationship diagram for sales operation, component interaction diagrams for sales operation, logical operational model diagram for infrastructure, and logical operational model diagram for sales operation.) The context level diagram is useful for understanding the boundary between the system and parts of system. It shows the environment of operations of the infrastructure system and the entities that are related to the system. The context level diagram for RetailCo has shown the various entities and their relationship with the Systematic Information System Infrastructure. The architecture overview diagram is helpful for getting a better visualization of the system architecture. The components of the diagram are in the form of blocks providing a better overview of the information system. The architecture overview diagram has divided the system components and operations in terms of users, channel, operations, data, and technology. The logical architecture diagram is useful for analysis of the system components by categorizing them in separate tiers/class (client, access, service, presentation, and data). The logical architecture diagram of RetailCo has been used for making the tiered structure of the organizations infrastructure. Each of the tier has some services (security, persistence, runtime, and integration services) included for the information system of RetailCo. The component relationship model diagram is the study of the relationships of the components of the infrastructure system. The sale operation has been used for making the component relationship model for RetailCo and it has shown the manual and online shopping activities of the customers at RetailCo. The component interaction model diagram is the study of the interaction among the components of the infrastructure system. The sales operation has been used for making the component interaction model for RetailCo and it has shown the interactions among the components of the system with the operation included in sales process. The Logic Operational Diagram is used for making the model of business infrastructure and it consists of both data and process model of RetailCo. The use of the modeling technique is useful for understanding the difference between process model and data model of the business infrastructure for RetailCo. The Logic Operational Diagram has been used for understanding the sales operation of RetailCo and it consists of both data and process model of sales operation. The use of the modeling technique is useful for differentiating between process model and data model of the sales operation for RetailCo. Conclusion The report had been made for the analysis of the new information system and business architecture of RetailCo. The project had the time duration of 5 years and budget of 1.2 billion US dollars. It has taken almost 5 years of time duration for completing the project and implementing the new information system and business infrastructure. The report has provided with many diagrams that would be helpful for understanding the operations and functions of the new information system. The analysis of the information system would assist the business organization for implementing any further development. The context level diagram has shown the boundary between the system and parts of system and the architecture overview diagram has provided a better visualization of the system architecture and divided the system components and operations in terms of users, channel, operations, data, and technology. The logical architecture diagram has analyzed the system components in a tiered structure. The component relationship model diagram has studied the relationships of the components of the infrastructure system. The Logic Operational Diagram consists of both data and process model of business infrastructure and sales operation of RetailCo. Bibliography Baskerville, R.L. and Wood-Harper, A.T., 2016. A critical perspective on action research as a method for information systems research. InEnacting Research Methods in Information Systems: Volume 2(pp. 169-190). Springer International Publishing. Cai, G., Wang, B., Chen, B.M. and Lee, T.H., 2013. Design and implementation of a flight control system for an unmanned rotorcraft using RPT control approach.Asian Journal of Control,15(1), pp.95-119. Chong, S., 2014. Business process management for SMEs: an exploratory study of implementation factors for the Australian wine industry.Journal of Information Systems and Small Business,1(1-2), pp.41-58. Dumas, M., La Rosa, M., Mendling, J. and Reijers, H.A., 2013.Fundamentals of business process management(Vol. 1, p. 2). Heidelberg: Springer. Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E., 2014.Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Gonalo, T.E.E. and Morais, D.C., 2015, October. Agent-Based Negotiation Protocol for Selecting Transportation Providers in a Retail Company. InSystems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), 2015 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 263-267). IEEE. Kim, Y., Koh, J., Xie, Q., Wang, Y., Chang, N. and Pedram, M., 2014. A scalable and flexible hybrid energy storage system design and implementation.Journal of Power Sources,255, pp.410-422. Li, S., Zhou, M. and Yu, X., 2013. Design and implementation of terminal sliding mode control method for PMSM speed regulation system.IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,9(4), pp.1879-1891. Malhotra, A., Melville, N.P. and Watson, R.T., 2013. Spurring impactful research on information systems for environmental sustainability.MIS Quarterly,37(4), pp.1265-1274. McCormack, K.P. and Johnson, W.C., 2016.Supply chain networks and business process orientation: advanced strategies and best practices. CRC Press. McKusick, M.K., Neville-Neil, G.V. and Watson, R.N., 2014.The design and implementation of the FreeBSD operating system. Pearson Education. Merriam, S.B. and Tisdell, E.J., 2015.Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. John Wiley Sons. Neves, D., Silva, C.A. and Connors, S., 2014. Design and implementation of hybrid renewable energy systems on micro-communities: a review on case studies.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,31, pp.935-946. Roth, L.J., 2016. Successful Business Process Management in Retail. Shin, J., Shin, S., Kim, Y., Ahn, S., Lee, S., Jung, G., Jeon, S.J. and Cho, D.H., 2014. Design and implementation of shaped magnetic-resonance-based wireless power transfer system for roadway-powered moving electric vehicles.IEEE Transactions on Industrial electronics,61(3), pp.1179-1192. Sousa, K.J. and Oz, E., 2014.Management information systems. Nelson Education. Stair, R. and Reynolds, G., 2013.Principles of information systems. Cengage Learning. Venkatesh, V., Brown, S.A. and Bala, H., 2013. Bridging the qualitative-quantitative divide: Guidelines for conducting mixed methods research in information systems.MIS quarterly,37(1), pp.21-54. Ward, J. and Peppard, J., 2016.The Strategic Management of Information Systems: Building a Digital Strategy. John Wiley Sons. Zolnowski, A., Wei, C. and Bhmann, T., 2014, January. Representing Service Business Models with the Service Business Model Canvas--The Case of a Mobile Payment Service in the Retail Industry. In2014 47th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences(pp. 718-727). IEEE.

Chinese Transformation Essays - Geography Of Asia, Asia, Eurasia

Chinese Transformation Gradualism is naturally the most feasible approach to any situation. Since the fall of the iron curtain, these two Communist power houses have chose to move towards democracy. China has chosen to take the natural, more gradual approach to democracy where as Russia has chosen the fast-paced, more dangerous approach. These two nations have chosen to change their economies from a collectivized command one to a market oriented one in order to increase the ezdard of living in their countries. As we have seen in recent years, China is booming and becoming more and more successful, while Russia seems like it is regressing back to parochial ways. It is impossible to compare anything but Russia and China's approaches to change, and the results that incurred. The two nations have vastly different economies and to compare one economy to another would be illogical. China and Russia's approach to change are vastly different, almost like night and day. China's political and economic policy has always been to do things gradually. Whereas Russia believed in going through the necessary changes quickly, so that the hardship would in turn pass just as quickly. In the implementation of their policies, we have seen that China's approach has led to a 29% of growth in their industrial field. But in comparison, Russia only yielded 15% with their approach. But one must keep in mind that China has more industrial sectors than does Russia, so their job in improving industry is notably easier than Russia's feat in developing an industry. Politically, the two nations have the same policies that they held in their economies. China believes in gradually letting the people have more access to political freedom. And again, Russia's policy has been to flood them all at once with these new found freedoms. Unfortunately Russia's policy hasn't been the most naturally feasible approach again. Their people have been suddenly bombarded with all of these new found freedoms they have never experience before. They are like little children let loose in a candy store. There are all of these new things available to them, and most of the younger generation wants too try everything at once. All of these citizens experimenting with their new freedoms are creating political chaos. The Russian citizens don't have time to savor their new freedoms and are just trying to grab them from left and right. For they are probably afraid that if they don't take their freedoms quickly, they will leave as quickly as they came. On the other hand, China refuses to allow their citizens run the nation. Instead they are continuing to shun democracy. They refuse to have democratic elections, pro-democracy demonstrations, and still censor the press. They are still trying to maintain that wall that separates them from the rest of the world. From a democratic aspect, China's approach is appalling. China is refusing basic democratic rights that the Western nation citizens take for granted. China is under the misconception that they can give it's people little crumbs of freedom and keep them from wanting more. China's leaders think that they can keep controlling that many people for an undetermined amount of time, they don't realize that once the people know about a better life, nothing can stop them from pursuing that life also. So looking at Russia and China's political policies, it is safe to say that what is good for the economy may not necessarily be good for the people. When looking at evolution and physiology, one will also notice that changes naturally happen gradually. Over time, living organisms change and evolve, but the key ingredient is time. Sometimes changes take place over thousands of millions of years, as intended by nature. But when examining a change in nature that occurred spontaneously or quickly, one will notice that the change was usually a fluke, or a by-product of the interferences by mankind. China has taken the natural path, and has gradually succeeded in the short time span that it has be on the market-oriented path. On the other hand, Russia, who chose to take a fast-paced approach is suffering and has not succeeded in changing. Personally, I believe that the Russian people will try to revert back to communism, but will be stopped, either by force or by will. They people will become so fed up with the hardship they endure and the conezt longing for when life was better under the red guard, that they will tr to start a revolt to go back to communism. But their attempts to go back will

Cola Wars Continue - Coke and Pepsi in 2010 Essays - Coca-Cola

Cola Wars Continue - Coke and Pepsi in 2010 Essays - Coca-Cola Cola Wars Continue - Coke and Pepsi in 2010 Analysis Coke and Pepsi are companies that operated in a "carbonated soft drink (CSD) industry" (p.1). However, they have been introducing more of non-CSD drinks and becoming an overall beverage industry. In order to further analyze the industry, Michael Porter's five forces framework, competitive strategies and resources and capabilities helps determine the attractiveness of the overall industry. Carbonated Soft drink industry analysis Threat of new entry Threat of new entrants is low since the industry has already developed a high barrier that is difficult for new arrivals to enter or survive. The major companies in this market are Coke and Pepsi that have made huge and risky capital investment throughout the years. One of the spendings was towards marketing campaigns for advertisements, rebranding, sponsorships, and promotion in their brand that created a strong brand loyalty for buyers to rely on and prefer over new arrivals (p. 9-10). As well as, it is difficult for new entrants to gain buyers access, so entrants should think of a way to get their products on the self- space, because running a successful business is highly depends on how much sales they can generate. New entrants need have their product to be innovative in order to enter in the industry because Coke and Pepsi already established a strong uniqueness. Therefore, the threat of new entrants is re latively low for CSD industry. Bargaining power of buyers: Buyers of CSD industry is the retail channels such as are supermarkets, vending machines, fountain outlets, mass merchandisers, and more (p.4). These buyers have medium to high power in the industry because some of these buyers contribute for huge part of the revenue for Coke and Pepsi. For supermarkets, they generate $12 billion of CSD products in U.S., with that high amount, it causes huge demand from CSD companies to display their products. Yet there is strong self-space pressure since retailers only want to stock their self with popular brands. So buyers have the options to switch and try other brands (p.4). Therefore, the bargaining power of buyers is medium to high in CSD industry. Bargaining power of suppliers Suppliers in CSD are concentrated, sweeteners, and packaging. Commodities like coloring, caffeine, citric acid, caramel, natural flavors, and metal cans are standardized materials with no differentiation so they can be easily available in the market (p.5). As metal cans turn out to be very attractive and friendly packaging materials, Coke and Pepsi became the largest consumers of metal cans. To name few cans supplier are Rexam, Ball, and Crown Cork ning power of suppliers are low (p.5) . Threat of substitutes There are many substitute products at that time, which includes milk, coffee, bottled water, juice, tea, wine, sports drinks, and more. There were some health issues from drinking CSD, like obesity and "high fructose corn syrup as unnatural" (p.9), causing some of the substitute products to have few benefits compared to drinks from Coke and Pepsi. This causes buyers to purchase healthier alternative drink, thus decreasing in sales for Coke and Pepsi. So both companies changed the ingredient from corn syrup to natural sugar in drinks, which had lower health issue (p.9-10). Consumers are buyers' private label drinks, which is a cheaper price compared to Coke and Pepsi (p.10). As a result, threat of substitutes is high for CSD industry. Competitive rivalry There are two major players in CSD industry are Coke and Pepsi. The competitive rivalry is high because both companies could receive any updated information about any external or internal changes being made from their rivals. For instance when both companies introduce new flavours. Coke presented Fanta and sprite while Pepsi launched Mountain Dew (p.6). With that both companies have spent amount of time and money in advertising and promoting which most of the massages indicates the superiority of their own brand over other (p.7). Also both coke and Pepsi were

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Aquarius Advertising Agency - Article Example This is because the Accounts Department is a separate department which does not have direct control over the other departments. The specialists independently communicate and make their own recommendations to the clients. Aquarius' departments and the personnel working in these departments - the specialists - are not working as a team, they are competing with one another. The account executives can not impose their will upon the specialists, and are not informed of the progress and details of the business products or transactions, whether the contract is done or already terminated. With the changes in environment and mode of behavior of the clients, it is already too late of the account executive and the management to know that they have lost the contract. A. In the new organizational chart created for this paper, the Accounts Vice President portfolio is eliminated to avoid overlapping of functions. Streamlining is essential. Some departments have to go, others have to be created. The account executives will work under the Vice Presidents for Operations and Marketing, and will have direct supervision over the different departments/divisions under these two Vice Presidents. This is to ensure that department specialists working for various clients will have to report first to the account executives before they go to the clients. ... Q. What kind of departmentalization is appropriate here A. It is still functional but effective and well defined. Q. What are the present functions of the account executives with respect to the Aquarius specialists A. The account executives will now have more power than their previous positions because they will be working in the same department. Like for example, the TV/Radio Production Department, the account executive for this department will be working directly and have direct supervision over the specialists in this department. The liaison officer will be well knowledgeable of everything inside the department. Q. Why is this structure more effective than the previous one A. This is more defined and effective in the sense that the whole department may have to work as a team. Suggestions, conclusions, problems and all other recommendations will be sorted out inside before it goes to the clients. Account Executives will be working inside the department concerned. No contract will be wasted. Success is within grasp. NEW ORGANIZATIONAL CHART FOR AQUARIUS AD AGENCY References 1.

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 34

Essay Example This caused the bank to lose focus and only strive for greater profit margins rather than expanding its customer base. After some time, the Union Bank of Norway realized its mistakes and attempted to correct them with the introduction of a single system that tracked the data of each individual customer. Information about their customer base would allow the Union Bank of Norway to correctly predict what its customer would prefer or not prefer in the future. The data warehouse that the bank came up with attempted to address all of these problems. By getting to know its customers, the Union Bank of Norway has been able to base its marketing decision around the characteristics of its customers. Not surprisingly, customer response has been good to this new endeavor. Customers generally like to help organizations wherever they can, so it makes sense to take advantage of this by providing an avenue for them to use. The retention of customer information has helped the Union Bank of Norway ge t back to its roots—working one-on-one with the

Mendelian Law and Inheritance of Anthocyanin Term Paper - 1

Mendelian Law and Inheritance of Anthocyanin - Term Paper Example distance was measured to be 14.5 inches between the LED light and the bottom where the watering trays were placed; the light was 3 inches above the growing plants. On the 14th day of the experiment, observations on the newly grown plants with purple roots were noted. On the 21st day, grown flowers were made to cross-pollinate with an approximately 19 cm thin soft brush by holding the flower gently with the tips of two fingers, and lightly transfer pollen from one plant to another. The light was still available for the growing plants, but it stopped getting water. The plants kept on growing over the 28th day and 35th day. On the 42nd day, some leaves started changing color to yellow and more seedpods were growing. Keeping in mind plants stopped being watered. Day 49, the flowers started to drop off and the leaves changed to yellow and the plants were still not watered to ensure the pods got dry. Then started the harvesting and germination process of the  seeds by breaking the seedpods after pulling them out of the plants, then collecting the seeds, and then counting them, which came to a total of 1481 seed for the entire class. Afterward, F2 seeds were spread in a 51cmÃâ€"24.5cm plastic tray with soaked tissue ready to germinate. There were no holes in the tray, and it was covered with a clear plastic lid. A week after spreading the F2 seed in the moist plastic tray, purple and green plants have grown. Seeds were separated into two categories; green plants and purple plants. After separating the green from the purple plants, they were counted individually. The total number of purple plants was 780 while the green once were 323. Since there are two categories being tested, the purple and green plants, this means the degree of freedom is equivalent to (df) = 1. In the Observed (1) row, the results show 780 for the purple plants and 323 for the green plants. The Expected results (2), were 780 for purple and 267 for green. The Deviation (3) row was calculated by

Nitric Oxide Synthase Impairment for Baroreflex Dysfunction

Nitric Oxide Synthase Impairment for Baroreflex Dysfunction Harmit Bindra Critical Appraisal: Impairment of Nitric Oxide Synthase but Not Heme Oxygenase Accounts for Baroreflex Dysfunction Caused by Chronic Nicotine in Female Rats Lay Abstract Introduction: The baroreflex or baroreceptor sensitivity is a physiological parameter that regulates changes in blood pressure. Baroreflex dysfunction is thought to contribute to many of the cardiovascular changes caused by chronic intake of nicotine. Nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) can be synthesised in the endothelial cells by the action of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and hemeoxygenase (HO), respectively. Inhibition of NOS and HO mediated pathways have been thought to cause reduction in baroreflex sensitivity similar to that of nicotine. This study targets these two pathways and their possible interactions in an attempt to reverse the deteriorating cardiovascular effects caused by nicotine. Methods: The sensitivity of baroreflex was determined by measuring changes in heart rate in response to changes in mean arterial pressure induced by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and phenylephrine (PE). SNP and PE exert these cardiovascular changes by affecting the diameter of blood vessels. Six groups of conscious female rats were used (6-8 rats/group) to study the effect of NOS on the baroreflex dysfunction caused by nicotine. Rats were treated either with nicotine or saline solution for 2 weeks. Baroreflex curves using random doses of SNP and PE were obtained in conscious rats on day 14 after treating these rats with L-NAME (inhibitor of NOS), L-arginine (substrate of NOS) or saline solution for 15 minutes. In a second study, another group of 7 rats treated with nicotine was used to find out whether HO inhibition by zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) abolishes the baroreflex response provoked by L-arginine. Baroreflex sensitivity was measured after treating rats with L-arginine and ZnPP for 15 minutes. Finally, the effects of the inducer and inhibitor of HO, hemin and ZnPP respectively, were investigated on the baroreflex dysfunction. Results: Inhibition of NOS using L-NAME caused a similar reduction in the baroreflex response as nicotine. This effect could be reversed with L-arginine. No further reduction in baroreflex response was evident in rats treated with both nicotine and L-NAME. Interestingly, HO inhibitor led to no reduction in baroreflex response and did not reverse any changes in baroreflex activity caused by nicotine. This implies that there is no direct role of HO mediated pathways in the nicotinic-baroreflex activity. On the contrary, there was an increase in baroreflex activity when HO activity was facilitated. In conclusion, inhibition of NOS is responsible for reduction in baroreflex sensitivity caused by nicotine. Background information and rationale for carrying out the work Smoking cigarettes is one of the most well established causes of mortality in the world and it is well known for its devastating effects on the quality of life and the impact it has on the families, including their psychological, social and physical well being. The majority of the harmful cardiovascular effects of smoking arise from the use of nicotine. Chronic intake of nicotine has been shown to reduce baroreceptor reflexes by decreasing the responsiveness of stretch receptors in the carotid sinus together with arterial compliance (Ashworth-Preece et al., 1998; Giannattasio et al., 1994). Nitric oxide (NO) is highly reactive gas, synthesised via three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase, including endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS), neuronal nitric oxide (nNOS) and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS). NO has been involved in various physiological pathways. For instance, eNOS results in arterial vasodilation by causing relaxation of vascular smooth muscles (Prado et al., 2011). nNOS plays an important role in neuronal activity by serving as a neurotransmitter. iNOS is generated by the phagocytes to invade the bacteria as part of immune response. NO has an ability to diffuse through and act as an intracellular messenger. It has been implicated in strengthening the synapses (long term potentiation) in learning and cause NMDA induced neurotoxicity in Parkinson’s disease (Taqatqeh et al., 2009). In a study carried out using brainstem nuclei of rats, it was found that inhibiting NOS in the central nervous system reduced baroreflex activation (Lo et al., 1996). Carbon monoxide (CO) has long been considered to be a toxic gas due to its high affinity for haemoglobin over oxygen. Contrary to popular belief, our body cells can also synthesise CO via heme oxygenase (HO) an enzyme that results in the generation of CO by catalysing the conversion of heme to biliverdin (Abraham Kappas., 2008). It has been established that inhibition of CO formed by HO reduces reflex activity as well as bradycardic response provoked by glutamate in the nucleus of the solitary tract (Lin et al., 2004). Other studies have independently found that inhibition of HO induced CO increases blood pressure systemically (Zhang et al., 2001). Interestingly, there seem to be some sort of interaction going on between NO/NOS and CO/HO pathways (Li et al., 2009). Indeed, the endogenous effects of these two molecules are provoked by the activation of soluble guanylate cyclase and a further increase in the levels of cGMP (Tzeng., 2009). Although there is a crosslink between these pathways, it has not been researched whether interruption of these mediators alone or disruption in their mutual interaction is responsible for the baroreceptor dysfunction mediated by nicotine. Approaches to the question The study was split into two groups to evaluate the role of NO/NOS and CO/HO pathways in nicotine induced baroreflex depression. In a first study, six small groups of female rats, ranging from 6-8 in each group, were used to study the effect of NOS on the baroreflex dysfunction. Three of these groups were given intraperitoneal nicotine for 2 weeks using a dosage of 2mg/kg/day, whereas the remaining groups were treated with saline solution. These rats were cannulated intravascularly on day 12. Baroreflex curves using SNP and PE were obtained in conscious rats on day 14 after treating these rats with L-NAME, L-arginine or saline solution for 15 minutes. In a second study, another group of 7 rats treated with nicotine were used to find out whether HO inhibition by ZnPP abolishes the baroreflex response provoked by L-arginine. Baroreceptor sensitivity was measured after treating rats with L-arginine and ZnPP for 15 minutes. The sensitivity of baroreceptors was determined by measuring changes in heart rate in response to changes in mean arterial pressure induced by vasoactive drugs, such as sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and phenylephrine (PE). This was carried out using regression analysis. Randomised doses SNP and PE doses, ranging from 1 to 16 µg/kg, were injected intravenously to obtain a baroreflex curve. An index of baroreflex activity was found by expressing the slope of the regression line as beats/min/mmHg. In the final part of the study, the effects of the inducer and inhibitor of HO, hemin and ZnPP respectively, were investigated on the baroreceptor dysfunction induced by nicotine. This was done using 5 different groups (5-8 female rats/group) for a 2 weeks period in which baroreflex testing was carried out using hemin, ZnPP, hemin + L-NAME, hemin + ODQ (guanylate cyclase inhibitor), and CORM-2 (CO releasing agent). Two further control groups were used in which rats received saline solution for 2 weeks and the baroreflex readings were then taken post-treatment with hemin or CORM-2. To measure the activity of NOS and HO, rats were treated with nicotine or saline for 2 weeks in the presence or absence of hemin and their brainstem was dissected and freezed at -80C. Key Results and analysis Both nicotine and NOS/NO pathway inhibition produced a similar effect on baroreflex activity. Rats treated with nicotine showed reduced slopes in the baroreflex curves exhibited by PE and SNP in comparison to the saline treated rats, suggesting a reduced baroreflex response. In rats treated with nicotine, there was a decrease from 2.1 ±0.2 ms/mmHg to 1.1 ±0.2 ms/mmHg in the baroreflex sensitivity exhibited by the PE. A similar reduction from 0.9 ±0.1 ms/mmHg to 0.4 ±0.1 ms/mmHg was seen in the baroreflex sensitivity exhibited by SNP. These results were statistically significant (P In short summary, the study was quite clear in explaining the involvement of NO/NOS pathway in the reduction of baroreflex activity caused by nicotine. First of all, inhibiting NOS using L-NAME caused similar reduction in baroreflex response as nicotine. Secondly, this effect could be reversed with the substrate of NOS (L-arginine). Thirdly, having both nicotine and L-NAME did not cause any further reduction in baroreflex response. The inhibition of HO by ZnPP had no effect on the baroreflex sensitivity in nicotine treated rats, implying that there is no direct role of HO pathway in the nicotinic-baroreflex activity. Any decrease in baroreflex sensitivity by nicotine could be reversed with hemin as the curve deviated more towards saline treated rats. Interestingly, when rats were treated with L-NAME or with ODQ, the protective effect of hemin to reverse the reduction in baroreflex sensitivity was no longer evident. This suggested that the initial reduction in baroreflex response was probably due to an increased activity of NOS that was no longer seen when L-NAME was used. Indeed, the activity of HO and NOS was found to increase in the brainstem tissue of rats treated with nicotine in the presence of hemin. Together, these findings imply that NOS is a downstream pathway responsible for changes in baroreflex sensitivity and hemin is somehow feeding into this pathway and activating it to facilitate baroreflex resp onse. There was no reduction in baroreflex response caused by nicotine with carbon monoxide release agent (CORM-2). This is supporting the idea that reduced baroreflex response is possibly due to NOS activity and not related to CO. Likely impact of research outcome The results implicated NOS pathways to be responsible for the deteriorating effects of nicotine on baroreflex sensitivity. Although, the current study implicated NOS pathways as a downstream mechanism and HO acting at the upstream level, more work is needed to investigate the effects of CORM-2 and hemin and shed light on the cellular cascades responsible for bringing these changes on baroreflex sensitivity. Taking into consideration that the ultimate pathways involved in the baroreceptor dysfunction from this study is NOS related, activation of NOS could be an important therapeutic target in treating the deteriorating effects of nicotine on cardiovascular system, especially the baroreceptor dysfunction. However, it is too early to accept this claim as these results need to be replicated and clinical trials must be carried out before considering any changes in the clinical practice. Future work and conclusion At present, this study is unlikely to have any major impact on the development of therapeutic drugs. Except the possible involvement of NOS, the signalling cascades responsible for baroreflex dysfunction still remain unclear. Contrary to these findings, the same author previously reported that CO formed by HO attenuated the baroreflex sensitivity in the nucleus tractus solitarii of rats (Lo et al., 2000; Lo et al., 2006). The author has attempted to justify the possible variation between the two studies with the use of conscious rats in the current study and anesthetised rats in the previous study. In addition, the inhibitor of HO was injected directly into the medullary nucleus in the previous study as opposed to an intravenous injection in the current study. Although these changes may contribute to the differences in terms of accuracy and reliability of the results, they are unlikely to fully account for the involvement of CO mediated changes in baroreflex sensitivity. Therefore th ese experiments need to be replicated before considering any clinical trials. The whole brainstem was dissected to measure the activity of NOS. This may not accurately reflect the levels of NOS in the cardiovascular nuclei of medulla therefore the study can be extended to investigate this. The use of animal models to test baroreflex sensitivity and the pharmacological agents to counteract such changes may not work similarly in humans. Baroreflex sensitivity is blunted to different degrees with increasing age (huang et al., 2007) and this may have an effect on the appropriate dose required to show any therapeutic benefits. Finally there could be intrinsic pathways affecting the baroreflex response because autonomic control can be influenced by different variables including mood, alertness and mental activity. Therefore, any future studies must take these factors into consideration. Words 2069 References: Abraham NG, Kappas A.Pharmacological and clinical aspects of heme oxygenase.Pharmacol Rev. 2008 Mar;60(1):79-127. doi: 10.1124/pr.107.07104. Epub 2008 Mar 6. Review. Erratum in: Pharmacol Rev. 2008 Jun;60(2):242. Ashworth-Preece M, Jarrott B, Lawrence AJ (1998) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the rat and primate nucleus tractus solitarius and on rat and human inferior vagal (nodose) ganglia: evidence from in vivo microdialysis and [125I] alpha-bungarotoxin autoradiography. Neuroscience 83: 1113–1122. Giannattasio C, Mangoni A, Stella ML, Carugo S, Grassi G, et al. (1994) Acute effects of smoking on radial artery compliance in humans. J Hypertension 12: 691–696. Huang CC, Sandroni P, Sletten DM, Weigand SD, Low PA.Effect of age on adrenergic and vagal baroreflex sensitivity in normal subjects.Muscle Nerve. 2007 Nov;36(5):637-42. Li L, Hsu A, Moore PK.Actions and interactions of nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulphide in the cardiovascular system and in inflammationa tale of three gases!Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Sep;123(3):386-400. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.05.005. Epub 2009 May 30. Review. Lin CH, Lo WC, Hsiao M, Tung CS, Tseng CJ (2004) Interactions of carbon monoxide and metabotropic glutamate receptor groups in the nucleus tractus solitarii of rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 308: 1213–1218 Lo WC, Jan CR, Chiang HT, Tseng CJ (2000) Modulatory effects of carbon monoxide on baroreflex activation in nucleus tractus solitarii of rats. Hypertension 35: 1253–1257. Lo WC, Lu PJ, Ho WY, Hsiao M, Tseng CJ (2006) Induction of heme oxygenase- 1 is involved in carbon monoxide-mediated central cardiovascular regulation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 318: 8–16. Lo WJ, Liu HW, Lin HC, Ger LP, Tung CS, et al. (1996) Modulatory effects of nitric oxide on baroreflex activation in the brainstem nuclei of rats. Chin J Physiol 39: 57–62. Prado C. M., Martins M. A., and Tibà ©rio I. F. L. C. (2011) Nitric oxide in asthma physiopathology,ISRN Allergy, 2011:1-13. Taqatqeh F, Mergia E, Neitz A, Eysel UT, Koesling D, Mittmann T.More than a retrograde messenger: nitric oxide needs two cGMP pathways to induce hippocampal long-term potentiation.J Neurosci. 2009 Jul 22;29(29):9344-50. Tzeng E (2009) Carbon monoxide: vascular therapeutic for the future. Vascular 17 Suppl 1: S55–62. Zhang F, Kaide JI, Rodriguez-Mulero F, Abraham NG, Nasjletti A (2001) Vasoregulatory function of the heme-heme oxygenase-carbon monoxide system. Am J Hypertens 14(6 Pt 2): 62S–67S

The History of the American Education System: A look at the 1900s Essay

The History of the American Education System: A look at the 1900s The dawn of the 1900s brought with it progressive education. With a growing population due to an influx of immigrants, many cities decided to build more schools. Chicago was one such city. Before 1889, the city of Chicago had only five high schools. By 1990, the Chicago Board of Education had developed the Chicago Normal School, 15 high schools and 234 elementary schools. These schools provided not only education for students but also job opportunities for many individuals. This dramatic change opened up positions for 5,709 teachers (filled by 394 men and 5,315 women), who were paid about $325 per year. In 1990, there was a total of 255,861 students enrolled in public schools in Chicago. 244,962 of these were enrolled in elementary schools, 10,241 enrolled in high school, 497 in normal school and 188 in the school for the deaf. Average attendance that year was about 199,821. (School attendance officially became compulsory in every U.S. state in 1918.) In high schools, there was an average of 33.9 students per teacher. An average of 42.7 students per teacher characterized the elementary schools in the district. In June of 1990, 1,249 students graduated from Chicago public high schools. Maria Montessori opened the first Montessori school in 1907. She is credited as being a pioneer in the field of education for developing such tools as â€Å"classrooms without walls, manipulative learning materials, teaching toys and programmed instruction,† (Family Education 2004). In 1921, the National Education Association (together with the American Legion) sponsored the... ...virginia.edu/photo/education.html. Sandholtz, Judith Haymore. (2004). Teachers, Not Technicians: Rethinking Technical Expectations for Teachers. Teachers College Record. 106(3), 487-513. Retrieved April 21, 2004, from Academic Search/EBSCO database. Schugurensky, D. (March 2003). History of Education – Selected Moments of the 20th Century. Retrieved March 20, 2004 from http://fcis.oise.utoronto.ca/~daniel_schugurensky/assignment1/. Whitfield, Patricia. (2004). Teachers as â€Å"Healers†: 21st-Cenutry Possibility? Or Necessity? Multicultural Perspectives, 6(1), 43-51. Retrieved April 21, 2004, from Academic Search/EBSCO database. Whitley, Peggy. (2003, July) American Cultural History. Retrieved April 21, 2004 from http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade90.html

Motivational Methods Hcs 325

Motivational Methods There are various motivational methods that are used in the workplace. There are three motivation theories; equity theory, expectancy theory, and goal-setting theory. In an organization, motivational methods are used to improve and prepare staff members for implementation of new policies. Motivational success depends on what methods are used and what the exact motivation is. One theory of motivation is equity theory. The essence of the theory is that perceived inequity is a motivating state—that is, when people believe that they have been inequitably treated in comparison to others, they will try to eliminate the discomfort and restore a sense of equity to the situation† (Lombardi, 2007, p. 284) . In an organization, not everyone will get along; there will be disagreements and even arguments. When a worker is dissatisfied with their job they will become less interested and invested in it. They will not work as hard as they once did which affects the team as a whole. A worker may even quit or be transferred if they perceive inequity (Lombardi, 2007, p. 84). A way for a supervisor to correct this situation is to communicate the intended value of rewards given, by doing so; the worker feels like it is less of a competition and will strive toward the goal of getting a raise or promotion. â€Å"Social science research suggests that people are most likely to internalize norms when they feel autonomous, competent, and related to others† (Bartlett, 2009, p. 1895). An important goal is for an employee to feel like they are an important part of the team. The expectancy theory is based on the question: â€Å"What determines the willingness of an individual to work hard at tasks important to the organization? (Lombardi, 2007, p. 284). If an organization is preparing for a change in policy, the supervisor must get their staff prepared for the change. In most cases, the workers feel fine with the policy they currently have and are re luctant for change because it disrupts work patterns for a while. The supervisor should let their team know of the importance of the change as well as take small steps to build up to the impending change. With the ever changing workforce characteristics such as age of the average worker, and workers waiting longer to retire, there is a great range of workers and with that, a greater range of needs. Changing workforce characteristic may impact the effectiveness of pay, reward, and recognition systems if demographic-based generational differences in the workforce translate into norms at expectations and motivation† (McGinley & Meese, 2011, p. 82). A way to motivate workers with this theory is for the supervisor to clearly link effort and performance, link performance to work outcomes, and choosing work outcomes valued by the individual† (Lombardi, 2007, p. 285). When an organization needs its departmental supervisors to prepare staff for change, the expectancy theory can b e used to motivate workers.For example, if a department is going under a new policy, the workers in that department will have to adapt, a way to ensure a smooth adaptation is for the supervisor to set goals and expectations that need to be reached as well as provide rewards for those who follow protocol on a regular basis and explain what the rewards are and their criteria beforehand. Positive reinforcement will increase the frequency of desirable behavior by making pleasant consequence contingent on its occurrence (Lombardi, 2007, p. 88). The goal-setting theory â€Å"is that task goals can be highly motivating if they are properly set and if they are well managed† (Lombardi, 2007, p. 285). For the goal-setting theory to work, supervisors and team members must work together to set the right goals in the right ways (Lombardi, 2007, p. 285). In the case of preparing for change, the goals should be to have a smooth transition, in order for this to happen, everyone must work tog ether. It cannot be just one person pushing the others to reach a goal.If the supervisor want to make their staff feel competent and capable of doing a good job they will have to â€Å"select workers with ability, train workers to use ability, support work efforts, and clarify performance jobs† (Lombardi, 2007, p. 286). When goals are specifically set there is a greater outcome for success. For example, in a wound care facility a goal for one worker is to complete inventory in 45 minutes twice a day; the worker will have a clear understanding of what is expected of them rather than the supervisor to tell the worker â€Å"get the inventory done today†.Rewarding the accomplishment of a worker will reinforce good work ethic and ensure greater outcomes in the future. When an organization wants to make changes, it affects everyone, from the top to the bottom. In order for the changes to be implemented in an effective manner, motivation among staff is needed. Providing posit ive reinforcement when a task is continuously done correctly can ensure that the task will continue to be done correctly. Implementing any one of the three motivational methods discussed will make any change a smoother transition.Keeping workers motivated to do their job will increase productivity and provide better outcomes for the organization. References Bartlett, K. T. (2009). Making good on good intentions: The critical role on motivation in reducing implicit workplace discrimination. Virginia Law Review, 95(8), 1893-1972. Lombardi, D. J. , Schermerhorn, J. R. , & Kramer, B. (2007). Health Care Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. McGinley, J. , & Meese, T. (2011, March). Intelligence Community Assessment: Generational differences in workplace motivation. American Intelligence Journal

Free Essays on Physical Therapy

The principles of physical therapy have been part of the healing arts since the beginning of recorded time. The instinctive rubbing of a bruise or an ache is a basic form of physical therapy. As early as 3000 B.C., the Chinese used rubbing as a therapeutic measure. Hippocrates advocated it in his writings in 460 B.C. The Romans, as well as every other civilization, used it. Finally, in 1812, Peter Hanley Ling developed the first scientific basis for therapeutic massage. Hand in hand with the development of massage went scientific muscle re-education or training. Sometimes this was accomplished with mechanical assistance. But, just as often, it involved the therapist moving the limbs of the patient in specific patterns. Other standard treatments in the physical therapist’s arsenal have their origins in the early healing arts. For example, hydrotherapy was celebrated by Homer as the cure for the wounded Hector, while the Nile and the Ganges were worshipped for their healing properties. But modern physical therapy in the United States was established by the Surgeon General’s office on August 22, 1917 with the inauguration of the Division of Special Hospitals and Physical Reconstruction. Persons assigned to this division were charged with not only physical reconstruction programs for the war injured, but educational and vocational training programs as well.... Free Essays on Physical Therapy Free Essays on Physical Therapy The principles of physical therapy have been part of the healing arts since the beginning of recorded time. The instinctive rubbing of a bruise or an ache is a basic form of physical therapy. As early as 3000 B.C., the Chinese used rubbing as a therapeutic measure. Hippocrates advocated it in his writings in 460 B.C. The Romans, as well as every other civilization, used it. Finally, in 1812, Peter Hanley Ling developed the first scientific basis for therapeutic massage. Hand in hand with the development of massage went scientific muscle re-education or training. Sometimes this was accomplished with mechanical assistance. But, just as often, it involved the therapist moving the limbs of the patient in specific patterns. Other standard treatments in the physical therapist’s arsenal have their origins in the early healing arts. For example, hydrotherapy was celebrated by Homer as the cure for the wounded Hector, while the Nile and the Ganges were worshipped for their healing properties. But modern physical therapy in the United States was established by the Surgeon General’s office on August 22, 1917 with the inauguration of the Division of Special Hospitals and Physical Reconstruction. Persons assigned to this division were charged with not only physical reconstruction programs for the war injured, but educational and vocational training programs as well....

How to Write a Perfect Essay

How to Write a Perfect Essay How to Write a Perfect Essay What to consider before writing an essay How to start an essay: Tips on how to start an essay How to write a perfect essay outline How to write a perfect thesis How to write an introduction How to write body paragraph: Tips on body writing How to finish an essay: Tips on conclusion writing Tips on revision Perfect essay example: National Honor Society An expert in essay writing goes beyond inspiration to the convention of formulaic techniques and adherence to criteria in laying out the format besides having a good command of English. The correct structure helps in navigating the plethora of ideas and also makes readers identify accurate relevant information. Thus, a student when writing a perfect essay should ensure that it has a proper structure and relevant information. What to consider before writing an essay Choose a topic: Writers should make sure that they select relevant topics that answer questions in the correct form of argument that interests the reader. The topic does not only gives the subject of the essay but, it goes to the extent of elaborating the position that a student takes on the issue through an expression of the views about the subject in discussion. Presentation of the relevant questions to answer: Perfect essays should present the issues that the essay answers. In most cases, essay questions come in the form of instructions that come in directive words. For example, ‘compare and contrast, ‘outline and ‘discuss among others. Right format: Thirdly, authors should provide a well-thought presentation format that an essay should have. Students who aspire to present best essays should think and draft the best formats and presentations for their essays. Essays might have brilliant contents and logical structures. However, the general appearance welcomes the reader or gives the reader a wrong impression. Goods essays should have the same format throughout with same spacing, neatness, and organization among others. Content: Student should plan well on the relevant content to include. Thus, it is important to cling on the reliable sources, quotes, and evidence to be used in organizing the whole essay to ensure that all the information is available to provide the essay is flawless. Depth: The writers focus on depth in through initiation of thought provoking ideas or informative ideas that give new information to the readers. How to start an essay: Tips on how to start an essay The beginning of an essay should have an introductory paragraph that motivates and informs the reader on what the essay is about as well as hooking the reader to it. Use of hook: the introduction of essays normally has a hook that attracts a reader. For example, â€Å"Should the state legalize marijuana?† Writers should also use statistic to attract the reader. For example, an essay about obesity in college can have a research-based statement such as About three in seven college students suffer from obesity. Students use an anecdote to draw the attention of readers. For example, an essay on experience as a single parent would have, Irrespective of her unemployment status, James was striving to make ends meet while taking care of his children after divorcing his wife, Jenifer. Authors sometimes directly use a short thesis to start off an essay or use the argument as a revelation of a topic. For example, The time has come to deliver the verdict on truth. Justice is not about favors but telling the truth. Or I have discovered the difference between real people and ill mannered people. The difference is moral. Real people are morally upright. A writer invites a reader through the use of the description of a setup or a place. For example, The soaking morning in Guantanamo Bay Cuba with minimal sun rays along the high walls in the ‘tenement’ yard was not a good day. The condemned cells cold beyond my imagination could not attract any numb. Every cell only allowed a distant faint light as the grill doors opened. The green saloon car appeared at the parking yard. Well, it was a goodbye for some inmates. You could read on each person’s face on the parade glued at the presence of the head cop who was reading the red file of condemned men ready to be hanged in the next day. It was the judgment day Colin my inmate friend. How to write a perfect essay outline Introduction: the introductory part of an essay has a hook sentence that attracts the reader followed by a thesis statement that comes at the end of the opening paragraph. Body: The body of an essay should have at least three points on the topic expressed in different sections. The main point forms the first paragraph with three supporting pieces of evidence written in three sentences. Lastly, the paragraph ends with a transition sentence or a summary of the point. The second point forms the second paragraph of the body with three shreds of evidence supporting the second point. A transition sentence then follows to connect it with the third paragraph. Lastly, the third main point becomes the third paragraph with three pieces of evidence supporting the point in different sentences. Conclusion: the conclusion is usually the restatement of the thesis statement and summary of the most important points within the body. However, at the very end, the student gives an insightful sentence that marks the end of the essay. How to write a perfect thesis When writing a thesis statement, students should consider whether an essay is analytical, expository, or argumentative among others. Therefore, a thesis should be specific. Secondly, the thesis statement should appear at the end of the first paragraph of the essay and should reflect on the ideas discussed in the body of the essay. Therefore, stronger thesis answers the question or argument and takes the position that is a challenge or opposes. Also, the thesis should be specific and passes the so what, how and why questions as well as supported by the essay. How to write an introduction Writing an introduction requires attention grabber especially a hook. The hook is then followed by a sentence or two that helps the reader connect to the thesis statement and at the end of the introduction, the author should write a thesis statement. How to write body paragraph: Tips on body writing

Addiction problems Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Addiction problems - Case Study Example Mrs. Smith was aged 85 and on 28 November 2009 was admitted to hospital with pneumonia. On 1st December 2009, she was being assisted by a nurse to get out of bed when she slipped on a wet floor and sustained a fractured neck of her right femur. This was treated surgically on 2 December 2009. She died of a pulmonary embolism following a deep vein thrombosis on 10 December 2009.One scenario is that the nurse could be sued for the fractured neck of the patient's femur. Another scenario is that the hospital might be sued for the fractured neck of the patient's right femur. The doctor could be charged with malpractice for the way in which he handled the pulmonary embolism for surgery. The hospital could be liable for the surgery gone wrong. Additionally, as a fifth scenario, the hospital might be liable for the patient's death, in which case, it would be a wrongful death lawsuit. As a sixth scenario, the hospital could get sued for negligence for the patient's death.The first scenario is that the nurse could be sued for negligence in the matter of the patient having fractured the neck of her femur. The nurse was supposed to be helping the patient avoid such a travesty. Since this accident happened on her watch, she would be liable. In negligence, the person preventing the wrong from happening to the other person has a duty of care. "Under the new rules, the existence of a duty states will depend on three factors: the foreseeability of damage occurring; the proximity of the relationship between the claimant and defendant; and whether it is just in the circumstances to impose a duty of care."1 From the nurse's point of view, since Mrs. Smith was aged 85, it should be a reasonable assumption to make that this nurse would have foreseen such an accident happening. Additionally, the nurse's proximity to the patient was such that she should probably have been aware of the patient's difficulty, although, proximity of the nurse to the patient would have to be established. Also, it is probably just to assume that the circumstances under which the nurse found herself required her to impose a duty of care. The second scenario is that the hospital could be sued for the patient's fractured femur. Obviously, this would probably not happen since the patient is already deceased, and litigation would obviously be moved to address the patient's death. In that case, the hospital could definitely be held liable for the patient's surgery having gone awry. After all, doctors are places that are supposed to help people get better, not allow them to pass away. Hospitals are technically supposed to be helping people. They are not necessarily liable for an unforeseen problem such as a pulmonary embolism, but it could be that the hospital's practices which were put in place had something to do with the patient's demise. If this was the case, the hospital could certainly be liable. The doctor could be charged with a malpractice suit due to negligence on his part if he knew that the procedure he used was not correct, or if he made a mistake during surgery. This is not necessarily what happened, but it is unsure. That is why, at the Inquest, it must be mapped out what needs to be found out in terms of evidence. The way the doctor handled the pulmonary embolism is sure to affect the outcome of the Inquest. Additionally, the hospital could be involved in a wrongful death lawsuit. This would be because the patient would not have had to have surgery if the patient had not slipped and fell due to the hospital staff's negligence. In this case, the hospital would probably take on the lawsuit and most likely win. Hospitals are notorious for doing this kind of thing. They are infamous for committing negligent acts and then sweeping them under the proverbial rug, hidden from the public's bird's-eye view.

Human Resource Information systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Human Resource Information systems - Essay Example They should be well equipped with leadership and motivational tools to facilitate the employees for better performance. The HR team should itself be motivated and work in accordance with the organizations objectives. The key elements that make an HR team extraordinary, is a team that encourages creativity, respect diversity and aims to improve the professional advancement as well as wellbeing of employees. It should have proper information system for their transactional activities like payroll, employee status changes and record keeping. With a proper IS in place, there will be minimum paper work required and the large chunks of data can be easily stored in databases, files and tapes which can further help in analysis of these records. In case of traditional HR, where HR professionals deal with training, recruiting, performance management, planning and compensation, a proper IS in place will make the entire process more easier and effective, having specially designed systems such as Learning management system, performance management system etc. Transformational activities that deal with strategic decision making, cultural or organization change, or increasing innovation, are one of the most important tasks of an HR department. The effective running of these activities is vital for an ideal HR department as they add value to the organization. With proper IS such as MIS or a Decision Support System in place for strategic decision making, such decisions can be taken with more ease and effectiveness. As mentioned in the earlier section, Human Resource plays a critical role in business. It not only helps in setting policies, motivating the employees, managing employee information but it actually plays a central role in streamlining the business processes. With the new technologies evolving and businesses adopting different information systems to help them run their business processes such as order processing

Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Diversity - Essay Example This is because without unity, cultural diversity would then turn into cultural multiplicity. It is therefore, against a backdrop of widespread acknowledgment of cultural differences and unity that cultural diversity can exist. This by itself is a verification of human action unity where all the differences are evaluated against a backdrop that is homogeneous. Culture and diversity are essentially interrelated: culture is therefore diversity, meaning that by nature, culture is diversity. In the same way diversity is constructed by culture. What shape diversity is the existence of culture which gives it meaning as well as scope. Just as culture is diversity, one would be right to say the diversity is essentially culture (Diller, 23) In an effort to understand and know our own culture we must put an effort to learn to examine it from other cultures point of view or perspective. This can be done through comparing our own cultural beliefs and customs with against those of other places and time. In the world that we are living today, having external diversity on the retreat as well as globalization knocking at our door, it is becoming a matter of great importance and priority to preserve and protect the internal diversity possessed by every society in their subgroups and constituent group. In so doing everything that create their difference which the highly esteem can be preserved and respected. Cultural diversity should be encouraged to a degree at which it is possible for different groups around the world to be able to preserve their cultural characteristics in their respective and different social groups (Diller, 38). This should be done in the same way the plant or animal species are persevered and protected in an effort to avert possible extinction of the biological diversity of plants and animals in the world and also for purposes of preventing the destruction of our ecosystem. In the same backdrop, cultural diversity must be protected and

The uses of propaganda posters in World War Essay Example for Free

The uses of propaganda posters in World War Essay On the poster you see a man and his two children. A girl is sitting on his lap with an open book, and a boy is sitting on the floor playing with soldiers. The daughter looks at him asking â€Å"Daddy, what did YOU do in the Great War? †. They designed the poster to induce a sense of patriotic guilt. They were trying to capture the British men unwilling to volunteer for the war and make them feel guilty if they didn’t join. The picture depicts a situation in the future, after the war, where the daughter asks her dad expectantly how he contributed to the war. The war on the poster is already over, the dad cant re-do it. This sends a message to the young boys, unwilling to go to war. Making them think what they would tell their children if they asked what he had done for the war. It also shows that he will come home to his family. The family in the poster are smartly dressed and look wealthy. The colours in the poster symbolise the war and army, the curtains have red roses on them and the chair has the sign of the royal coat of arms on it. This would also make the man think because these are marks of patriotism but this man has not done the patriotic thing. Everything in the poster is positive; nothing would put men off from joining the war even the boy’s toy soldiers are all standing up. â€Å"At the front† This poster would stand out to men because it is showing cavalry in battle, with horses reacting to an explosion in the foreground. This poster is trying to make boys interested in joining war to fight for their country. At the front† stands out to all readers, this would seem exciting to boys because they would be fighting at the front with their horses making them brave as the poster states. It also says â€Å"every fit briton should join† this implies that the men that fight in the war are healthy, strong and brave. It also sends out a challenge that is unspoken â€Å"ARE YOU†. This poster is very manly. The colours in this poster ties in to army colours, brown and green. This poster stands out because of the explosion. Most young boys would want be at the front with their horses working as part of a team, it is clear  these men work as comrades together to fulfill their task of bringing up the guns. Both of the posters’ primary purpose is to make men to join the army. During the World War 1, there were many of propaganda posters to persuade men in their country to enlist in the army. In addition, these two posters were one of propaganda poster to convince men to join the army with some of biased truth. Even though two of posters made same primary purpose, each of them has illustrated different intend and feeling. The poster, â€Å"Daddy, what did you do in the Great War† arouses guilt with sarcasm to those men who did not yet join the army so that it leads to men to join the army. Nonetheless, the poster, At the front! † imbue the courage and morale of the men that fight in the war. Personally I think the poster that poster â€Å"Daddy what did you do for the great war? † stands out because it is making you feel guilty with the children although the poster â€Å"At the front† would stand out more to men because it is very manly.

Emily Bronte Essay -- essays papers

Emily Bronte Emily Bronte was one of three sisters who became famous novelists. Emily's only novel is Wuthering Heights, which was published in December of 1847. Emily was from the Yorkshire village of Haworth. Emily was born on July 30, 1818 to Reverend Patrick Bront? and Marie Branwell Bront?. She was the fifth child of six. The village of Haworth was very isolated. Two years after they moved to Haworth, Mrs. Bront? died of cancer. In 1824 the four eldest girls were sent to Cowan Bridge School, a school for the daughters of improvised clergymen. The conditions there were very unhealthy, and as a result Emily's eldest sisters, Maria and Elizabeth died and Charlotte became very ill. Mr. Bront? had Charlotte and Emily brought home. As children Charlotte, Emily, Branwell, and Anne w...

Capulet Character In Romeo and Juliet Essay

Capulet has had a dramatic change in character over the course of the book. At first, he would not dare see his young daughter get married yet. But he changed and decided that if she did not marry, she would be disowned. It is very confusing how this happens, because it is such a dramatic change in such a short period of time. At first, Capulet thinks that Juliet isn’t ready for marriage. For he believes that she is too young, innocent and immature. But saying o’er what I have said before. My child is yet a stranger in the world. She hath not seen the change of fourteen years. Let two more summers wither in their pride Ere we may think her ripe to be a bride. In this passage from Act I, Scene 2, Capulet tells Paris that his daughter is only thirteen years old, and not yet ready to be a bride. He tells him to wait two more summers until she’s fully ready to be wed. This shows the caring, fatherly side of Capulet. It shows through, because he is protecting his only child from escaping her childhood too early, and growing up too fast. He truly loves Juliet. Later in the story, in Act III, Scene 5, his point of view on this topic completely changes. He then concludes that if Juliet does not wed, she will be punished. â€Å"I’ll not wed,† â€Å"I cannot love,† â€Å"I am too young,† â€Å"I pray you, pardon me.†Ã¢â‚¬â€ But, an you will not wed, I’ll pardon you. Graze where you will, you shall not house with me. Look to ’t, think on ’t, I do not use to jest. Thursday is near. Lay hand on heart, advise. An you be mine, I’ll give you to my friend. An you be not, hang, beg, starve, die in the streets, Capulet mocked Juliet saying things that he agreed with in the past, and then threatened to throw her out on the streets if she did not marry. He went from a caring, protective father, to a father who didn’t care if his own daughter were to die. His mood change was drastic, and out of the blue. I don’t know exactly why his mood changed so suddenly, but I do know it happened, and it went downhill, not uphill. Capulet’s mood change was a big turning point in the book, because it triggered Friar’s new plan, which led to the death of the star-crossed lovers. He went from being loving, and sensitive, to brutal and irrational. He was not consistent and crossed his own words. Lord Capulet had a dramatic character change throughout the story regarding Juliet’s marriage, and it was not a good one.

Crocs

Crocs began marketing its shoes at a November 2002 boat show. Crocs were originally intended to be sold to boaters, because of their slip proof, non-marking sole and the fact that they are waterproof and odor resistant. However, this market soon expanded to include gardeners, healthcare workers, waiters, and other professionals who had to be on their feet all day. This market began to encompass markets Crocs had never considered.Over the course of a year what had started out as simply an idea on a sailing trip evolved into one of the greatest footwear phenomena of the decade. Products and Target Market Crocs currently targets multiple market segments ranging from boaters to gardeners to simply individuals wanting a comfortable pair of sandals. However, the firm's initial target market was boaters. Crocs' initial foray into the market was an effort to provide a comfortable pair of nonslip boating shoes to a niche market.This target market soon expanded to others who would pay a premiu m price for comfort. Nurses, retail store clerks, and others who spent most of the day on their feet quickly recognized the value proposition Crocs offered: while expensive, these individuals were willing to pay a premium to avoid the discomfort of traditional shoes. Today, Crocs targets an even wider swath of the market. Crocs' product category advertisements state that Crocs are for â€Å"women, men, kid, sports, and everyone. To further broaden their market, Crocs advertises that among these segments, customer will find its products to be comfortable â€Å"on the beach, around the house, in the rain, in cold weather, off the road, for walks in town, â€Å"and even something that will â€Å"look good in the office. † Crocs has kept its original characteristics of light-weight, non-slip, brightly colored product lines while created additional styles to accommodate the needs of different consumers. Crocs also offers apparel products such as t-shirts, shorts and even women' s leggings.

Free Essays on German Philosopher Immanuel Kant

A18th century German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) presents a view on moral obligation, which he calls the categorical imperative. Kant’s philosophy later called Kantian philosophy outlines the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative as a method for determining morality of actions. Kant’s formula consists of a two part test. First, one creates a maxim and considers whether the maxim could be a universal law for all rational beings and the second one determines whether rational beings would will it to be a universal law. The initial stage of the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative requires that a maxim be universally applicable to all rational beings. The second requirement is that a rational being would will this maxim to become a universal law. In testing this part, you must decide whether in every case, a rational being would believe that the morally correct action is to tell the truth. Once it is clear that the maxim passes both tests, there are no exceptions. As a emergency medical technician is faced with a with a distraught widow who asks whether her husband suffered in his death, you must decide which maxim to create and perform. The maxim when answering the woman’s question , always telling the truth regarding the nature of her late husband's death. The initial stage of the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative requires that a maxim be universally applicable to all rational beings. Therefore, this maxim is logical and everyone can put up with it. In testing the 2nd part, you must decide whether in every case, a rational being would believe that the morally correct action is to tell the truth. But if you decided to lie, what purpose would that serve besides trying to spare one’s feelings? Regardless the expected action is to tell the truth. Now for example let’s say the truth brings about the woman committing suicide, but Kant says that no rational being would... Free Essays on German Philosopher Immanuel Kant Free Essays on German Philosopher Immanuel Kant A18th century German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) presents a view on moral obligation, which he calls the categorical imperative. Kant’s philosophy later called Kantian philosophy outlines the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative as a method for determining morality of actions. Kant’s formula consists of a two part test. First, one creates a maxim and considers whether the maxim could be a universal law for all rational beings and the second one determines whether rational beings would will it to be a universal law. The initial stage of the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative requires that a maxim be universally applicable to all rational beings. The second requirement is that a rational being would will this maxim to become a universal law. In testing this part, you must decide whether in every case, a rational being would believe that the morally correct action is to tell the truth. Once it is clear that the maxim passes both tests, there are no exceptions. As a emergency medical technician is faced with a with a distraught widow who asks whether her husband suffered in his death, you must decide which maxim to create and perform. The maxim when answering the woman’s question , always telling the truth regarding the nature of her late husband's death. The initial stage of the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative requires that a maxim be universally applicable to all rational beings. Therefore, this maxim is logical and everyone can put up with it. In testing the 2nd part, you must decide whether in every case, a rational being would believe that the morally correct action is to tell the truth. But if you decided to lie, what purpose would that serve besides trying to spare one’s feelings? Regardless the expected action is to tell the truth. Now for example let’s say the truth brings about the woman committing suicide, but Kant says that no rational being would...

Frances Dana Gage - Feminist and Abolitionist Lecturer

Frances Dana Gage - Feminist and Abolitionist Lecturer Known for: lecturer and writer for women’s rights, abolition, rights and welfare of former slaves Dates: October 12, 1808 – November 10, 1884 Frances Dana Gage Biography Frances Gage grew up in an Ohio farm family. Her father had been one of the original settlers of Marietta, Ohio. Her mother was from a Massachusetts family, and her mother had also moved nearby.   Frances, her mother and maternal grandmother all actively helped escaping slaves. Frances in her later years wrote of going in a canoe with food for those in hiding.   She also developed an impatience and longing for women’s equal treatment in her childhood. In 1929, at twenty, she married James Gage, and they raised 8 children.   James Gage, a Universalist in religion and abolitionist as well, supported Frances in her many ventures during their marriage. Frances read while at home raising the children, educating herself far beyond the rudimentary education she’d had at home, and began to write as well.   She developed strong interest in three issues which attracted many of the women reformers of her day: women’s rights, temperance, and abolition.   She wrote letters about these issues to newspapers. She also began to write poetry and submit it for publication. By the time she was in her early 40s, she was writing for the Ladies’ Repository. She began a column in the Ladies Department of a farm newspaper, in the form of letters from â€Å"Aunt Fanny† on many topics, both practical and public. Womens Rights By 1849, she was lecturing on women’s rights, abolition, and temperance. In 1850, when the first Ohio women’s rights convention was held, she wanted to attend, but could only send a letter of support. In May 1850, she began a petition to the Ohio legislature advocating that the new state constitution omit the words male and white. When the second Ohio women’s rights convention was held in Akron in 1851, Gage was asked to be the presider. When a minister denounced women’s rights, and Sojourner Truth got up to respond, Gage ignored the protests from the audience and allowed Truth to speak.   She later (in 1881) recorded her memory of the speech, usually remembered with the title â€Å"Ain’t I a Woman?† in a dialect form. Gage was asked to speak more and more often for women’s rights. She presided at the 1853 national women’s rights convention when it was held in Cleveland, Ohio. Missouri From 1853 to 1860, the Gage family lived in St. Louis, Missouri.   There, Frances Dana Gage didn’t find a warm reception from the newspapers for her letters.   She instead wrote for national women’s rights publications, including Amelia Bloomer’s Lily. She corresponded with other women in America interested in the same issues she was attracted to, and even corresponded with the English feminist Harriet Martineau. She was supported not only by women in the woman suffrage movement, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Lucy Stone, Antoinette Brown Blackwell, and Amelia Bloomer, but also by abolitionist male leaders including William Lloyd Garrison, Horace Greeley, and Frederick Douglass. She later wrote, From 1849 to 1855 I lectured on [woman’s rights] in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and New York†¦.† The family found themselves ostracized in St. Louis for their radical views. After three fires, and James Gage’s failing health and failing business venture, the family returned to Ohio. Civil War The Gages moved to Columbus, Ohio, in 1850, and Frances Dana Gage became the associate editor of an Ohio newspaper and a farm journal. Her husband was now ill, so she traveled only in Ohio, speaking on women’s rights. When the Civil War began, the newspaper’s circulation dropped, and the newspaper died. Frances Dana Gage focused on volunteer work to support the Union effort. Her four sons served in the Union forces.   Frances and her daughter Mary sailed in 1862 for the Sea Islands, captured territory held by the Union. She was put in charge of relief efforts on Parris Island where 500 formerly enslaved people lived.   The next year, she briefly returned to Columbus to care for her husband, then returned to her work in the Sea Islands. In late 1863 Frances Dana Gage began a lecture tour to support relief efforts for soldiers’ aid and for relief for those newly freed.   She worked without salary for the Western Sanitary Commission. She had to end her tour in September of 1864 when she was injured in a carriage accident on her tour, and was disabled for a year. Later Life After she recovered, Gage returned to lecturing. In 1866 she appeared at the New York chapter of the Equal Rights Association, advocating rights for both women and for African American women and men. As â€Å"Aunt Fanny† she published stories for children. She published a book of poetry and several novels, before being limited from lecturing by a stroke. She continued to write until her death in 1884 in Greenwich, Connecticut. Also known as: Fanny Gage, Frances Dana Barker Gage, Aunt Fanny Family: Parents: Joseph Barker and Elizabeth Dana Barker, farmers in Ohio Husband: James L. Gage, lawyer Children: four sons and four daughters